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The effect of activation method on the properties of pecan shell‐activated carbons
Author(s) -
Johns Mitchell M,
Marshall Wayne E,
Toles Christopher A
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
journal of chemical technology and biotechnology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.64
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1097-4660
pISSN - 0268-2575
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-4660(199911)74:11<1037::aid-jctb160>3.0.co;2-o
Subject(s) - adsorption , activated carbon , chemistry , shell (structure) , chemical engineering , copper , phosphoric acid , environmental chemistry , materials science , organic chemistry , composite material , engineering
Pecan shell chars were activated using steam, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), or phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) to produce granular activated carbons (GACs). The GACs were characterized for select physical, chemical and adsorption properties. Air oxidation of the GACs was used to increase copper ion (Cu 2+ ) adsorption. BET surface areas of pecan carbons were equal to or greater than commercial GACs. Carbon dioxide activation favored microporosity, while the other activations increased both mesoporosity and microporosity. Bulk densities and particle attrition of the pecan shell GACs were generally similar to the commercial carbons. Air oxidation of steam‐and CO 2 ‐activated GACs increased copper ion adsorption, although not to the same extent as GACs made by H 3 PO 4 activation. Copper ion adsorption and the amount of titratable functional groups greatly exceeded the values for the commercial GACs. Steam‐and CO 2 ‐activated pecan shell carbons were similar to but in some cases exceeded the ability of commercial GACs to remove certain organic compounds from water. GACs from pecan shells showed considerable commercial potential to remove metal ions and organic contaminants from water. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry