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Mammalian runt‐domain proteins and their roles in hematopoiesis, osteogenesis, and leukemia
Author(s) -
Westendorf Jennifer J.,
Hiebert Scott W.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
journal of cellular biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.028
H-Index - 165
eISSN - 1097-4644
pISSN - 0730-2312
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-4644(1999)75:32+<51::aid-jcb7>3.0.co;2-s
Subject(s) - haematopoiesis , leukemia , microbiology and biotechnology , domain (mathematical analysis) , biology , stem cell , cancer research , computational biology , immunology , mathematical analysis , mathematics
Mammalian Runt‐domain‐containing factors are structurally and functionally similar and have essential roles in hematopoiesis and osteogenesis. These factors can act as either positive or negative transcriptional regulators of tissue‐specific genes whose promoters or enhancers contain the consensus Runt‐domain binding element, TGT/CGGT. This sequence is necessary but not sufficient to regulate the transcription of a wide variety of genes. Runt‐domain factors are promoter organizers that cooperate with neighboring factors and recruit transcriptional co‐activators or co‐repressors to regulate expression of tissue‐specific genes. AML1 is required for hematopoiesis and is a frequent target of chromosomal translocations in acute leukemias. Fusion proteins generated by these translocations are dominant repressors of genes regulated by the Runt‐domain factors. AML3 may also be involved in leukemogenesis. In addition, AML3 has an essential role in bone development, as it is required for osteoblast differentiation and is mutated in patients with cleidocranial dysplasia. J. Cell. Biochem. Suppls. 32/33:51–58, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.