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Signaling mechanisms and molecular characteristics of G protein‐coupled receptors for lysophosphatidic acid and sphingosine 1‐phosphate
Author(s) -
An Songzhu,
Goetzl Edward J.,
Lee Hsinyu
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
journal of cellular biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.028
H-Index - 165
eISSN - 1097-4644
pISSN - 0730-2312
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-4644(1998)72:30/31+<147::aid-jcb19>3.0.co;2-f
Subject(s) - lysophosphatidic acid , sphingosine 1 phosphate , heterotrimeric g protein , g protein coupled receptor , microbiology and biotechnology , sphingosine , signal transduction , lipid signaling , biology , receptor , sphingosine kinase , g protein , autotaxin , second messenger system , biochemistry
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P) are potent phospholipid mediators with diverse biological activities. Their appearance and functional properties suggest possible roles in development, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. The growth‐stimulating and other complex biological activities of LPA and S1P are attributable in part to the activation of multiple G protein‐mediated intracellular signaling pathways. Several heterotrimeric G proteins, as well as Ras‐ and Rho‐dependent pathways play central roles in the cellular responses to LPA and S1P. Recently, several G protein‐coupled receptors encoded by a family of endothelial differentiation genes ( edg ) have been shown to bind LPA or S1P and transduce responses of cAMP, Ca 2+ , MAP kinases, Rho, and gene transcription. This review summarizes our current understanding of signaling pathways critical for cellular responses to LPA and S1P and of recent progress in the molecular biological analyses of the Edg receptors. J. Cell. Biochem. Suppls. 30/31:147–157, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.