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Regulation of intracellular membrane interactions: Recent progress in the field of neurotransmitter release
Author(s) -
Burger Max M.,
Schäfer Theo
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
journal of cellular biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.028
H-Index - 165
eISSN - 1097-4644
pISSN - 0730-2312
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-4644(1998)72:30/31+<103::aid-jcb14>3.0.co;2-9
Subject(s) - microbiology and biotechnology , intracellular , vesicle , exocytosis , vesicle fusion , biology , organelle , lipid bilayer fusion , membrane , membrane transport , chemistry , biochemistry , synaptic vesicle
Maintenance of compartmental independence and diversity is part of the blueprint of the eukaryotic cell. The molecular composition of every organelle membrane is custom tailored to fulfill its unique tasks. It is retained by strict sorting and directional transport of newly synthesized cellular components by the use of specific transport vesicles. Temporally and spatially controlled membrane fission and fusion steps thus represent the basic process for delivery of both, membrane‐bound and soluble components to their appropriate destination. This process is fundamental to cell growth, organelle inheritance during cell division, uptake and intracellular transport of membrane‐bound and soluble molecules, and neuronal communication. The latter process has become one of the best studied examples in terms of regulatory mechanisms of membrane interactions. It has been dissected into the stages of transmitter vesicle docking, priming, and fusion: Specificity of membrane interactions depends on interactions between sets of organelle‐specific membrane proteins. Priming of the secretory apparatus is an ATP‐dependent process involving proteins and membrane phospholipids. Release of vesicle content is triggered by a rise in intracellular free Ca 2+ levels that relieves a block previously established between the membranes poised to fuse. Neurotransmitter release is a paradigm of highly regulated intracellular membrane interaction and molecular mechanisms for this phenomenon begin to be delineated. J. Cell. Biochem. Suppls. 30/31:103–110, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.