Premium
13 C‐NMR study on cure‐accelerated phenol–formaldehyde resins with carbonates
Author(s) -
Park ByungDae,
Riedl Bernard
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(20000725)77:4<841::aid-app18>3.0.co;2-0
Subject(s) - phenol , carbon 13 nmr , potassium carbonate , formaldehyde , materials science , carbonate , reactivity (psychology) , phenol formaldehyde resin , chemistry , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , methylene , polymer chemistry , nuclear chemistry , organic chemistry , medicine , alternative medicine , pathology
Both liquid‐ and solid‐state 13 C‐NMR spectroscopies were employed to investigate the cure‐acceleration effects of three carbonates [propylene carbonate (PC), sodium carbonate (NC), and potassium carbonate (KC)] on liquid and cured phenol–formaldehyde (PF) resins. The liquid‐phase 13 C‐NMR spectra showed that the cure‐acceleration mechanism in the PC‐added PF resin seemed to be involved in increasing reactivity of the phenol rings, while the addition of both NC and KC into PF resin apparently resulted in the presence of ortho – ortho methylene linkages. Proton spin‐lattice rotating frame relaxation time ( T 1ρ H ) measured by solid‐state 13 C‐CP/MAS‐NMR spectroscopy was smaller for the cure‐accelerated PF resins than for that of the control PF resin. The result indicated that cure‐accelerated PF resins are less rigid than the control PF resin. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 841–851, 2000