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Modification of bismaleimide resin with N ‐phenylmaleimide‐styrene‐ p ‐hydroxystyrene and N ‐phenylmaleimide‐styrene‐ p ‐allyloxystyrene terpolymers
Author(s) -
Iijima Takao,
Ohnishi Kohji,
Fukuda Wakichi,
Tomoi Masao
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19970822)65:8<1451::aid-app2>3.0.co;2-f
Subject(s) - styrene , materials science , glass transition , flexural strength , polymer chemistry , flexural modulus , imide , bisphenol a , fracture toughness , composite material , dynamic mechanical analysis , copolymer , epoxy , polymer
N ‐Phenylmaleimide‐styrene‐ p ‐hydroxystyrene terpolymers (PMSH) and N ‐phenylmaleimide‐styrene‐ p ‐allyloxystyrene terpolymers (PMSA), containing pendant functionalities, were prepared and used to improve the toughness of the bismale‐imide resin composed of bis (4‐maleimidediphenyl)methane and o,o ′‐diallyl bisphenol A. PMSH (0.5 mol % p ‐hydroxystyrene [HSt] unit) was more effective as a modifier than PMSA (0.5 mol % p ‐allyloxystyrene unit). When using 5 wt % of PMSH with 0.5 mol % HSt unit, the fracture toughness ( K IC ) for the modified resin increased 60% with only a modest loss of flexural strength and with retention in flexural modulus and the glass transition temperature. Morphologies of the modified resins changed from particulate to cocontinuous and to inverted phase structures, depending on the modifier structure and content. The most effective improvement of properties for the modified resins could be attained because of the cocontinuous structure. The toughening mechanism was discussed in terms of the morphological characteristics of the modified bismaleimide resin systems. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:1451–1461, 1997