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On the structure of an asymmetric carbon membrane with a novolac resin precursor
Author(s) -
Steriotis Th.,
Beltsios K.,
Mitropoulos A. Ch.,
Kanellopoulos N.,
Tennison S.,
Wiedenman A.,
Keiderling U.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19970620)64:12<2323::aid-app8>3.0.co;2-n
Subject(s) - materials science , carbonization , carbon fibers , scanning electron microscope , phenol formaldehyde resin , chemical engineering , membrane , composite material , polymer chemistry , formaldehyde , chemistry , organic chemistry , biochemistry , composite number , engineering
An asymmetric tubular carbon membrane, appropriate for gas separation applications, was made through carbonization at 800°C of a precursor structure containing two phenol‐formaldehyde resins, a partially cured novolac resin in 30–60 μm grains (bulk material), and a resole resin (membrane skin material). A replica of the skin material was deposited separately on a stainless steel substrate. The samples were analyzed by nitrogen adsorption, small‐angle neutron scattering, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The basic structural entities of both skin and the bulk part were low‐aspect‐ratio carbon domains with a characteristic dimension in the 4.0–4.5 nm range. Further, the materials were characterized by microporosity in the 0.30–0.50 range with isotropic pores having a 1.3 nm diameter. The results are discussed with the help of a systematic survey of possible carbon structures with an intermediate level of microporosity. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 64: 2323–2345, 1997