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Asymmetric nafion/(zirconium oxide) hybrid membranes via in situ sol‐gel chemistry
Author(s) -
Apichatachutapan W.,
Moore R. B.,
Mauritz K. A.
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
journal of applied polymer science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.575
H-Index - 166
eISSN - 1097-4628
pISSN - 0021-8995
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19961010)62:2<417::aid-app16>3.0.co;2-y
Subject(s) - membrane , nafion , zirconium , alkoxy group , chemistry , oxide , scanning electron microscope , solvent , analytical chemistry (journal) , infrared spectroscopy , polymer chemistry , chemical engineering , materials science , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , composite material , biochemistry , electrode , engineering , electrochemistry , alkyl
Nafion‐ in situ sol‐gel reactions were affected for Zr(OBu) 4 that permeated low water content membranes unidirectionally. IR peaks reflecting ZrO 2 and incomplete hydrolysis of ZrOBu groups near both surfaces were detected. Vibrations of Zr(OEt) 4 detected near both sides arise from alkoxy exchange in the presence of the solvent EtOH. Unreacted alkoxy group bands are more distinct near the nonpermeated surface. An IR band for the ZnOBu group diminishes, whereas that for ZnOEt increases with increasing time near the permeated surface due to progressive alkoxy exchange. The ZrO 2 band becomes more intense with time near the permeated surface. X‐ray spectroscopy/scanning electron microscopy studies of Zr concentration across the membrane thickness verified compositional asymmetry. CO 2 gas permeability versus upstream pressure plots are monotonically increasing, suggesting diffusion accompanied by complex plasticization. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.