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Botulinum toxin: Historical perspective and potential new indications
Author(s) -
Jankovic Joseph,
Brin Mitchell F.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
muscle and nerve
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.025
H-Index - 145
eISSN - 1097-4598
pISSN - 0148-639X
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-4598(1997)6+<129::aid-mus9>3.0.co;2-b
Subject(s) - botulism , botulinum toxin , spasticity , medicine , toxin , neurotoxin , tics , botulinum neurotoxin , neuromuscular junction , dystonia , physical medicine and rehabilitation , anesthesia , neuroscience , psychology , biology , psychiatry , biochemistry , genetics
Botulinum toxin (BTX), a purified form of the neurotoxin responsible for botulism, is used worldwide for the treatment of abnormal muscle contractions. The ability of BTX to block acetylcholine release in a long‐lasting but reversible fashion with few side effects has made it an important tool in a wide variety of neuromuscular disorders, including the dystonias, tremor, tics, and spasticity. There are seven antigenically distinct toxins. BTX‐A has been in clinical use for almost two decades, with an outstanding efficacy and safety profile. Clinical effects are often seen within 1 week of injection, and benefits typically last from 3‐6 months. Patient selection and the proper choice of dose and administration site are the most important determinants of a favorable response to BTX treatment. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. Inc. Spasticity: Etiology, Evaluation, Management, and the Role of Botulinum Toxin Type A, MF Brin, editor, Muscle Nerve 1997; 20(suppl 6):S129‐S145.