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Enhanced glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor mRNA expression upon (−)‐deprenyl and melatonin treatments
Author(s) -
Tang Yu Ping,
Ma Yun Li,
Chao Chih Chang,
Chen Kai Yi,
Lee Eminy H.Y.
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
journal of neuroscience research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.72
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1097-4547
pISSN - 0360-4012
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-4547(19980901)53:5<593::aid-jnr9>3.0.co;2-4
Subject(s) - melatonin , neurotrophic factors , glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor , neurotrophin , messenger rna , brain derived neurotrophic factor , neuroscience , cell culture , microbiology and biotechnology , neurotrophin 3 , chemistry , biology , pharmacology , medicine , biochemistry , genetics , receptor , gene
Glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has been shown to be a preferentially selective neurotrophic factor for dopamine (DA) neurons. In the present study, we have examined the distribution of GDNF mRNA expression in several major DA‐containing cell body and terminal areas and the regulation of GDNF mRNA expression upon various pharmacological treatments. Results indicated that there is a relatively higher GDNF mRNA level in neurons of the nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopaminergic pathways. Upon chronic 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) treatment (30 mg/kg, i.p., for 7 days), DA level was decreased, whereas GDNF mRNA expression was increased in the striatum, suggesting that more GDNF is synthesized and expressed to cope with the neurotoxin insult. Furthermore, among several DA neuron protective and/or therapeutic agents examined, both intrastriatal injections of (−)‐deprenyl (1.25 μg and 2.5 μg) and melatonin (30 μg, 60 μg, and 120 μg) significantly enhanced GDNF mRNA expression in the striatum, whereas the same concentrations of (−)‐deprenyl did not affect monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) activity, although it increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and/or superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Similarly, the same concentrations of melatonin did not alter SOD or GPx activities, except that the highest dose of melatonin (120 μg) increased lipid peroxidation in the striatum. Conversely, GM1 ganglioside injection (45 μg) lacked of an effect on GDNF mRNA expression. Together, these results suggest that both (−)‐deprenyl and melatonin up‐regulate GDNF gene expression at threshold doses lower than that needed for altering MAOB activity and/or the antioxidant enzyme systems, respectively. These results provide new information on the neuroprotective and therapeutic mechanisms of (−)‐deprenyl and melatonin on DA neurons. J. Neurosci. Res. 53:593–604, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.