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Mouse astrocytes respond to the chemokines MCP‐1 and KC, but reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction does not detect mRNA for the KC or new MCP‐1 receptor
Author(s) -
Heesen M.,
Tanabe S.,
Berman M.A.,
Yoshizawa I.,
Luo Y.,
Kim R.J.,
Post T.W.,
Gerard C.,
Dorf M.E.
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
journal of neuroscience research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.72
H-Index - 160
eISSN - 1097-4547
pISSN - 0360-4012
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-4547(19960815)45:4<382::aid-jnr7>3.0.co;2-5
Subject(s) - reverse transcriptase , messenger rna , reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction , chemokine , microbiology and biotechnology , receptor , chemistry , polymerase chain reaction , biology , gene , biochemistry
Previous studies demonstrated the involvement of astrocytes in the development of astrogliosis, a condition in which these cells undergo proliferation and hypertrophy. To examine whether astrocytes could migrate into lesions, we tested the influence of the murine chemokines MCP‐1, KC, TCA3, and MIP‐1β on migration of cultured neonatal mouse astrocytes. Subnanomolar concentrations on MCP‐1 and KC were active chemoattractants indicating that these molecules were effective at physiologic concentrations. Specificity of MCP‐1 was demonstrated by antibody inhibition and by the finding that the chemokine MIP‐1β failed to induce astrocyte migration. The migratory responses were sensitive to pertussis toxin; this finding is consistent with involvement of G protein‐coupled receptors. To examine the receptors for these chemokines further, we cloned the mouse homolog of the human MCP‐1 receptor from a mouse peritoneal exudate cell cDNA library. The gene had 78% nucleotide sequence homology with the human MCP‐1 receptor (the nucleotide sequence of clone 1 encoding the mouse MCP‐1 receptor can be obtained from the GenBank database, accession number U56819). However, reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) failed to detect message for either the MCP‐1 or KC receptors in astrocytes. The combined data suggest that mouse astrocytes use novel receptors to recognize these chemokines. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.