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Predictive value of cathepsin‐D for cervical lymph node metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Author(s) -
GandourEdwards Regina,
Trock Bruce,
Donald Paul J.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
head and neck
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.012
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1097-0347
pISSN - 1043-3074
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-0347(199912)21:8<718::aid-hed6>3.0.co;2-w
Subject(s) - head and neck squamous cell carcinoma , medicine , immunohistochemistry , metastasis , pathology , cathepsin l , lymph node , cathepsin d , cancer research , cathepsin , oncology , head and neck cancer , biology , cancer , biochemistry , enzyme
Background Prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is strongly associated with cervical lymph node metastasis. Cathepsin‐D is a lysosomal protease expressed in all cells. Its role in extracellular matrix degradation is postulated to promote tumor invasion and metastasis. Increased cathepsin‐D has been demonstrated in cervical lymph node metastasis in HNSCC. Methods Formalin fixed tumor biopsy samples from 34 patients with HNSCC of the oral cavity, oropharynx, or hypopharynx were analyzed for the presence of cathepsin‐D by immunohistochemistry (1:8000, Calbiochem, Cambridge, MA). Tumors were considered positive if >50% of cells showed strong cytoplasmic staining. Results All patients had T1 or T2 lesions ranging in size from 1–4 cm and 19 (56%) had cervical metastasis. Eight (24%) were well differentiated and 26 (76%) were moderately or poorly differentiated. Thirteen tumors (38%) had high cathepsin‐D expression that was strongly associated with cervical lymph node metastasis ( p = 0.008). When adjusted for tumor stage and grade, cathepsin‐D positivity was nearly twice as likely to be associated with node metastasis ( p = 0.011). Conclusions We demonstrated cathepsin‐D expression in biopsies from a subset of patients with HNSCC and a strong association between this protease and cervical lymph node metastases. Cathepsin‐D is a potential independent predictor of cervical lymph node metastasis in HNSCC and merits additional study. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Head Neck 21: 718–722, 1999.