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IMPROVED ODDS RATIO ESTIMATION BY POST HOC STRATIFICATION OF CASE‐CONTROL DATA
Author(s) -
NEUHÄUSER MARKUS,
BECHER HEIKO
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
statistics in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.996
H-Index - 183
eISSN - 1097-0258
pISSN - 0277-6715
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19970515)16:9<993::aid-sim505>3.0.co;2-2
Subject(s) - statistics , confounding , stratification (seeds) , conditional logistic regression , logistic regression , residual , odds ratio , post hoc analysis , post hoc , computer science , econometrics , mathematics , medicine , algorithm , seed dormancy , botany , germination , dormancy , biology
We propose a logistic regression analysis of unmatched or frequency matched case‐control studies with conditional maximum likelihood estimation through post hoc stratification. In this model fewer parameters have to be estimated. With a simulation study we show that parameter estimates have smaller variance and are less biased. Also, the residual confounding effect was quantified. A more refined post hoc stratification reduces computing time, but to the cost of a larger bias and a loss in efficiency. The model was also applied to data of unmatched case‐control studies on laryngeal cancer, oesophageal cancer and lung cancer. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Stat. Med., Vol. 16, 993–1004 (1997).