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Serological evidence of an association between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and lung cancer
Author(s) -
Laurila Aino L.,
Anttila Tarja,
Läärä Esa,
Bloigu Aini,
Virtamo Jarmo,
Albanes Demetrius,
Lein Maija,
Saikku Pekka
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
international journal of cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.475
H-Index - 234
eISSN - 1097-0215
pISSN - 0020-7136
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19970220)74:1<31::aid-ijc6>3.0.co;2-1
Subject(s) - lung cancer , medicine , odds ratio , risk factor , chronic bronchitis , immunology , chlamydophila pneumoniae , cancer , chlamydia , incidence (geometry) , gastroenterology , chlamydiaceae , physics , optics
Epidemiological evidence suggests that airway obstruction is an independent risk factor for lung cancer and that this cannot be explained by active or passive smoking alone. Chlamydia pneumoniae infection has been associated with chronic bronchitis and its exacerbates. Our aim was to evaluate the association between chronic C. pneumoniae infection and risk of lung cancer among male smokers. Smoking males with lung cancer (n = 230) and their age‐ and locality‐matched controls were selected among participants of the Alpha‐Tocopherol, Beta‐Carotene Cancer Prevention Study. The presence of C. pneumoniae infection was assessed by analyzing specific antibodies and immune complexes in 2 serum samples collected with a 3‐year interval before the lung cancer diagnosis. The diagnosis of chronic infection was based on stable levels of positive specific IgA antibody (titer ≥ 16) and immune complex (titer ≥ 4). Relative risks were estimated by odds ratios (OR) adjusted for age, locality and smoking history by a conditional logistic regression model. Markers suggesting chronic C. pneumoniae infection were present in 52% of cases and 45% of controls and hence were positively associated with the incidence of lung cancer (OR 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0–2.3). The incidence was especially increased in men younger than 60 years (OR 2.9; 95% CI 1.5–5.4) but not in the older age group (OR 0.9; 95% CI 0.5–1.6). Before concluding that C. pneumoniae infection is a new independent risk factor for lung cancer, corroboration from other studies with larger number of cases and longer follow‐up is needed. Int. J. Cancer 74:31–34. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.