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Association of energy and fat intake with prostate carcinoma risk
Author(s) -
Schuurman Agnes G.,
van den Brandt Piet A.,
Dorant Elisabeth,
Brants Henny A. M.,
Alexandra Goldbohm R.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
cancer
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.052
H-Index - 304
eISSN - 1097-0142
pISSN - 0008-543X
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19990915)86:6<1019::aid-cncr18>3.0.co;2-h
Subject(s) - medicine , arachidonic acid , eicosapentaenoic acid , linoleic acid , docosahexaenoic acid , relative risk , cohort , cohort study , prostate cancer , oleic acid , lower risk , fatty acid , endocrinology , physiology , gastroenterology , polyunsaturated fatty acid , confidence interval , cancer , biology , biochemistry , enzyme
BACKGROUND The roles of energy and fat intake as risk factors for prostate carcinoma are still questionable. Therefore, these factors were evaluated in the Netherlands Cohort Study described in this article. METHODS The cohort study consisted of 58,279 men ages 55–69 years at baseline in 1986. After 6.3 years of follow‐up, 642 incident prostate carcinoma cases were available for analysis. Intake of energy, fat, and separate fatty acids were measured by means of a self‐administered questionnaire; fat intake was adjusted for energy by regression analysis. The case–cohort method was used to calculate rate ratios (RRs). Analyses were conducted for all prostate carcinoma cases together as well as for case subgroups (latent vs. nonlatent and localized vs. advanced). RESULTS No associations were found in multivariate analyses between prostate carcinoma and intake of energy, total fat, total saturated fatty acids, or total trans unsaturated fatty acids (RR highest vs. lowest quintile: 0.99, 1.10, 1.19, and 0.99, respectively). Oleic acid intake showed a nonsignificant positive association (RR = 1.38, 95% CI: 0.88–2.19). Positive associations were also observed for intake of oleic acid in subgroup analyses. Linoleic (RR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.56–1.09) and linolenic (RR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.66–1.04) acid intake were associated with nonsignificantly decreased risks; only for linolenic acid did these associations persist in subgroup analyses. No associations were found for intake of arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, or docosahexaenoic acid. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that certain fatty acids might be involved in prostate carcinoma occurrence, although the possibility that these were chance findings cannot be ruled out. Cancer 1999;86:1019–27. © 1999 American Cancer Society.