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Classification of gastric endocrine cells at the light and electron microscopical levels
Author(s) -
Bordi Cesare,
D'Adda Tiziana,
Azzoni Cinzia,
Ferraro Gabriella
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
microscopy research and technique
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.536
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1097-0029
pISSN - 1059-910X
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-0029(20000301)48:5<258::aid-jemt3>3.0.co;2-q
Subject(s) - enterochromaffin like cell , enteroendocrine cell , enterochromaffin cell , gastrin , g cell , cell type , somatostatin , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , gastric mucosa , secretion , histamine , cell , foveolar cell , medicine , endocrinology , serotonin , endocrine system , stomach , hormone , receptor , biochemistry
This review discusses the current concepts for the classification of gastric endocrine cells subdivided according to the type of mucosa in which they are located. In the oxyntic mucosa, the most important cell type is the ECL cell, involved in the synthesis and secretion of histamine. Proteins involved in many aspects of the biology of ECL cells including the response to the gastrin stimulus, membrane transport and docking, prevention of apoptosis, calcium homeostasis, autocrine activity, and maintenance of the differentiated cell phenotype have been localized to this cell type. Other cells of the oxyntic mucosa include: the D and EC cells producing somatostatin and serotonin, respectively, delivered through long cell processes; the X (or A‐like) cells, possibly producing endothelin; and the D 1 and P cells of unknown function and possibly representing morphological variants of other cell types. In the antral mucosa, the three important cell types are represented by: the gastrin‐producing G cells; the somatostatin‐producing D cells, which are anatomically and functionally associated with G cells; and the serotonin‐producing EC cells, which are located at the bottom of antral glands. Microsc. Res. Tech. 48:258–271, 2000 © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.