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Chemical composition, digestibility and protein quality of 12 sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L) cultivars
Author(s) -
Canibe Nuria,
Pedrosa Mercedes Martín,
Robredo Luz Ma,
Bach Knudsen Knud Erik
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
journal of the science of food and agriculture
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 142
eISSN - 1097-0010
pISSN - 0022-5142
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199910)79:13<1775::aid-jsfa435>3.0.co;2-1
Subject(s) - sunflower , helianthus annuus , dry matter , chemistry , cultivar , lignin , composition (language) , sunflower seed , starch , zoology , food science , biology , agronomy , botany , linguistics , philosophy
Twelve sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L) cultivars grown in Spain were analysed and tested in experiments with rats. The dehulled seeds contained an average of 32.2 MJ kg −1 dry matter (DM) gross energy, 653 g kg −1 DM fat, 60 g kg −1 DM total non‐starch polysaccharides (NSP) and 6 g kg −1 DM Klason lignin. The sunflower seed hulls contained 20.2 MJ kg −1 DM gross energy, 53 g kg −1 DM fat, 562 g kg −1 DM total NSPs and 239 g kg −1 DM Klason lignin. The sunflower samples were dehulled and partially defatted (to ∼17% fat) and included in diets for rats. The dehulled, partially defatted samples contained on average 74.6 g nitrogen kg −1 DM and 1.409 mg g −1 phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid + caffeic acid + derivative 1 + derivative 2) varying from 0.677 to 2.847 mg g −1 . Groups of five growing rats were fed diets (9.38% crude protein) containing one of the sunflower cultivars as the only source of protein. Apparent ileal and faecal digestibilities were determined by using an indigestible marker (Cr 2 O 3 ) and faecal digestibility based on total faecal collections. Apparent ileal, caecal and faecal digestibilities of organic matter were 81.2–91.5% ( P = 0.05), 95.8–97.1% ( P = 0.005) and 94.7–95.3% ( P = 0.94) respectively. The apparent faecal digestibilities of DM, energy and protein (N × 6.25) were 93.2–93.8%, 93.5–94.3% and 81.6–84.3% respectively with no differences among cultivars. Biological value (BV) ranged between 63.8 and 73.2% ( P = 0.0001) and net protein utilisation (NPU) between 59.9 and 69.5% ( P = 0.0001). BV and NPU were positively correlated with lysine and threonine contents, but no correlation with the analysed phenolic compounds was detected. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry