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The choline content of feed ingredients and mixed feeds determined by an enzymatic assay
Author(s) -
Menten José Fernando M,
Pesti Gene M,
Halley John T
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
journal of the science of food and agriculture
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 142
eISSN - 1097-0010
pISSN - 0022-5142
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199811)78:3<399::aid-jsfa132>3.0.co;2-q
Subject(s) - ingredient , choline , canola , food science , chemistry , meat and bone meal , meal , soybean meal , composition (language) , fish meal , biology , raw material , biochemistry , fish <actinopterygii> , linguistics , philosophy , organic chemistry , fishery
A recently developed procedure for the determination of choline in ingredients and feeds was utilised to establish the levels and the variability of choline in a series of ingredients and to compare the analysed and calculated choline values of mixed feeds. The concentrations of choline in samples of maize (7), canola meal (3), wheat middlings (1) and dehydrated bakery product (1) were, respectively, 1·55±0·18, 7·59±0·08, 2·35 and 2·39 g kg −1 , all higher than ingredient composition table values. Choline contents lower than table values were found in samples of poultry by‐products (7) and meat and bone meal (6): 2·18±0·87 and 1·08±0·29 g kg −1 , respectively. The average choline concentration found in samples of dehulled soybean meal (7) was 2·73±0·18 g kg −1 , similar to table values. The choline in samples of poultry fat (2) averaged 0·48±0·02 g kg −1 . Significant correlations between the concentrations of choline and of some components of the proximate analysis were found. The analysed choline concentrations in mixed feeds were only 1·4% lower than the calculated levels based on the ingredient analyses. The procedure was adequate for choline determination in ingredients or mixed feeds. The high variability in the choline content of some ingredients may require analysis for proper feed formulation. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry.