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Effects of cultivar, nitrogen fertilization rate and environment on yield and grain quality of barley
Author(s) -
Oscarsson M,
Andersson R,
Åman P,
Olofsson S,
Jonsson A
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
journal of the science of food and agriculture
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 142
eISSN - 1097-0010
pISSN - 0022-5142
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199811)78:3<359::aid-jsfa126>3.0.co;2-r
Subject(s) - cultivar , amylose , amylopectin , starch , human fertilization , agronomy , hordeum vulgare , chemistry , nitrogen , biology , zoology , food science , horticulture , poaceae , organic chemistry
Ten barley cultivars, including covered and naked types, varying in their content of total starch, amylose, protein and β‐glucan, were grown in different years, at various locations and nitrogen fertilization rates. The barley cultivars showed a large variation in yield (3250–6690 kg ha −1 ), thousand kernel weight (40–50 g), bulk weight (660–815 g litre −1 ), starch (51–67% of DM), protein (8–15% of DM), β‐glucan (3·5–5·9% of DM) and ash (1·9–2·5% of DM). The naked cultivar SW 8775 had the highest starch content and the high amylopectin cultivar (SW 7142‐92, waxy) had the lowest. The waxy starch barleys had the highest protein content, while the normal starch barleys (Golf and Lina) had the lowest protein content at each N‐rate. Higher content of β‐glucan was found in the waxy cultivars (5·0–5·9% of DM) and high amylose cultivars (5·6–5·9% of DM) than in the other barley cultivars (3·5–4·8% of DM). The results were evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and principal component analysis (PCA), and both confirmed that nitrogen fertilization rate was of great importance for the protein content. PCA revealed that protein and β‐glucan were negatively correlated with starch and yield. The ANOVA showed that the cultivar factor was significant for all variables, but especially for the β‐glucan content, which responded differently to the nitrogen fertilization rate during the 2 years. In this study, environmental effects were generally of less importance than the barley cultivars for the different variables. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry.