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Genetic and environmental variability in starch, fatty acids and mineral nutrients composition in cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp)
Author(s) -
Oluwatosin Olusola Bayo
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
journal of the science of food and agriculture
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 142
eISSN - 1097-0010
pISSN - 0022-5142
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199809)78:1<1::aid-jsfa47>3.0.co;2-h
Subject(s) - starch , phosphorus , linolenic acid , palmitic acid , linoleic acid , chemistry , oleic acid , potassium , food science , nutrient , fatty acid , vigna , zoology , genetic variability , heritability , biology , agronomy , genotype , biochemistry , genetics , organic chemistry , gene
Fifteen cowpea cultivars grown in three locations (Kano (12°00′N 8°31′E), Mokwa (9°17′N 5°04′E) and Ago‐Iwoye (6°58′N 4°00′)) between 1993 and 1994 were analysed for genotype, environmental and genotype×environment variability for starch (g kg −1 ), fatty acids (% of total oil) and mineral nutrients (g kg −1 ) composition. There were significant environmental as well as genetic effects on these nutritional qualities. The environmental effect accounted largely for the variability observed in starch (60%), palmitic acid (80%), arachidic acid (100%), potassium (100%), phosphorus (81%) and manganese (86%), while the genotypic effect accounted largely for the variability observed in linoleic acid (50%), linolenic acid (50%) and copper (68%) contents. Correlation coefficient (pooled data) from the three locations indicated that starch was positively correlated to palmitic acid ( r = 0·21, 0·01< P < 0·05), potassium ( r = 0·80, P < 0·001) and phosphorus ( r = 0·65, P < 0·001), but negatively correlated to oleic ( r = −0·23, 0·01< P < 0·05), linoleic ( r = −0·67, P < 0·001) and linolenic acid ( r = −0·74, P < 0·001) contents. Starch showed a strong positive correlation with magnesium content ( r = 0·75) and a strong negative correlation with copper ( r = −0·73) and iron ( r = −0·62) at the genetic level. This research established the degree of variability for these characters in cowpea. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry.