Premium
Nutrient contents, rumen protein degradability and antinutritional factors in some colour‐ and white‐flowering cultivars of Vicia faba beans
Author(s) -
Makkar Harinder P S,
Becker Klaus,
Abel Hj,
Pawelzik Elke
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
journal of the science of food and agriculture
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 142
eISSN - 1097-0010
pISSN - 0022-5142
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199712)75:4<511::aid-jsfa907>3.0.co;2-m
Subject(s) - cultivar , rumen , nutrient , biology , agronomy , white (mutation) , food science , horticulture , fermentation , biochemistry , ecology , gene
Six colour‐flowering (Scirocco, Alfred, Carola, Condor, Tina and Herz Freya) and six white‐flowering (Caspar, Albatros, Gloria, Tyrol, Vasco and Cresta) cultivars of Vicia faba were studied. The crude protein contents of colour‐ and white‐flowering cultivars were 267±13·6 and 283±18·8 g kg −1 , respectively, which did not differ significantly at P <0·05. The levels of lipids, crude fibre, starch and ash varied from 14 to 22 g kg −1 , 88 to 143 g kg −1 , 407 to 485 g kg −1 and 32 to 42 g kg −1 , respectively. The calculated organic matter digestibility (OMD) and metabolisable energy (ME) of the white‐flowering cultivars were significantly higher ( P <0·001) than those of the colour‐flowering cultivars (OMD: 889·1±26·6 g kg −1 vs 797·5±17·1 g kg −1 ; ME: 13·97±0·49 vs 12·30±0·34 MJ kg −1 ). In all cultivars, sulphur amino acids were lower than adequate concentration when compared with recommended amino acid pattern of FAO/WHO/UNO reference protein for a 2–5‐year‐old child. The in vitro rumen nitrogen degradability of colour‐flowering cultivars was significantly lower ( P <0·01) compared to that of white‐flowering cultivars (71·4±9·3% vs 88·0±11·1%). Amongst colour‐flowering varieties, the contents of total phenols (TP), tannins (T) and condensed tannins (CT) were highest in Alfred (28·3, 21·0 and 35·4 g kg −1 , respectively). The contents of TP and T were similar (about 15 and 10 g kg −1 , respectively) in Carola, Tina and Herz Freya, and the CT were in the order: Condor>Herz Freya>Carola. The CT were not detected in white‐flowering varieties, T were virtually absent and TP were extremely low (4·0–4·9 g kg −1 ). The activities of other antinutritional factors (white‐ and colour‐flowering cultivars, respectively: trypsin inhibitor activity 3·05±0·34 and 1·85±0·09 mg trypsin inhibited g −1 ; lectin 27·2±9·4 and 27·1±5·1 mg ml −1 assay medium producing haemagglutination; phytate 15·0±2·7 and 16·6±2·3 g kg −1 ) were very low. A strong negative correlation ( r =‐0·92, P <0·001) between tannins and in vitro rumen protein degradability was observed which suggested that tannins have adverse effect on protein degradability. Similarly negative correlations between tannin levels and metabolisable energy ( r =‐0·89; P <0·001) and organic matter digestibility ( r =‐0·89; P <0·001) were observed. The correlation coefficient between trypsin inhibitor activity and tannins was negative and highly significant ( r =‐0·88, P <0·001), whereas between tannins and saponins it was significantly positive ( r =0·96, P <0·001). ©1997 SCI