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Influence of Fermentation Time and an ‘Indigenous Tenderiser’ (Kanwa) on the Microbial Profile, Chemical Attributes and Shelf‐Life of Rice Masa (a Nigerian Fermented Product)
Author(s) -
Efiuvwevwere Bernard J O,
Ezeama Chidi F
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
journal of the science of food and agriculture
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.782
H-Index - 142
eISSN - 1097-0010
pISSN - 0022-5142
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199608)71:4<442::aid-jsfa594>3.0.co;2-f
Subject(s) - food science , fermentation , food spoilage , potassium sorbate , lactic acid , rhizopus , biology , lactobacillus brevis , aroma , penicillium , shelf life , rhizopus oryzae , bacteria , chemistry , sugar , lactobacillus plantarum , genetics
Investigations on the influence of fermentation time, ‘Kanwa’ (an indigenous tenderiser and a flavouring agent) and potassium sorbate (0·5, 1·0 or 1·5 g kg −1 ) were conducted by examining the microbial profile, chemical attributes and shelf‐life of rice ‘Masa’ (a Nigerian fermented product). Various types of microorganisms occurred at the initial stages of rice slurry fermentation and these included fungi ( Aspergillus spp, Penicillium spp, Saccharomyces spp, Rhizopus spp) and bacteria (Lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus spp, Enterobacter spp and Acetobacter spp). But beyond 8 h fermentation time, fewer types of micro‐organisms ( Lactobacillus spp, Saccharomyces spp and Rhizopus spp) were isolated.Total aerobic counts increased significantly ( P =0·05) as fermentation progressed (0, 6 or 12 h), with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts dominating and probably contributed to the sour–sweet spongy characteristic of the rice Masa. But after fermentation and baking process, the rice Masa became dominatedand spoilt by Bacillus spp, Lactobacillus spp and Saccharomyces spp withstorage time. Longer fermentation time resulted in a less acceptable product,being more acidic. Rice Masa produced from a 6 h fermentation showedbetter sensory qualities (aroma and visual appearance). Use of Kanwa(Na 2 CO 3 .NaHCO 3 .2H 2 O) improved aroma but was detrimental to visualappearance and spoilage was accelerated, probably due to higher pH. Potassium sorbate at higher concentrations (1·0 and 1·5 g kg −1 ) induced beneficial antimicrobial effects and reduced the microbial load thereby prolonging the shelf life of the rice Masa (treated with 1·5 g kg −1 ) by about 3 days.