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X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic Study of Petroleum Fuel Cokes
Author(s) -
Jiménez Mateos J. M.,
Fierro J. L. G.
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
surface and interface analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.52
H-Index - 90
eISSN - 1096-9918
pISSN - 0142-2421
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1096-9918(199604)24:4<223::aid-sia105>3.0.co;2-m
Subject(s) - x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , calcination , petroleum coke , inert gas , chemistry , sulfur , atmosphere (unit) , binding energy , coke , spectral line , petroleum , x ray , analytical chemistry (journal) , crystallography , catalysis , organic chemistry , chemical engineering , atomic physics , physics , quantum mechanics , astronomy , engineering , thermodynamics
The nature of N‐ and S‐containing groups in a set of industrial petroleum fuel cokes calcined in an inert atmosphere at different temperatures (from green coke to 2800°C) has been studied by photoelectron spectroscopy. Although both N 1s and S 2p line profiles were rather complex, several components were identified by applying peak synthesis procedures. In the N 1s spectra, the two main components can be assigned to pyrrolic and pyridinic groups; at higher temperatures, the binding energies ( E b ) are shifted to higher values, and a third component is observed at very high E b . Similarly, sulphur displayed mainly a low E b component associated to thiophenic groups, and two others placed at high E b . In both cases the contribution of these high E b components increased with increasing calcination temperature. The possible relationship between the appearance of these high E b peaks and the presence of oxidized N‐ and S‐groups has been discarded. Then, the existence of N and S atoms replacing C atoms in graphene layers has been proposed as being responsible for such high E b peaks.