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The neoplastic pathogenesis of solitary and multiple osteochondromas
Author(s) -
Porter D. E.,
Simpson A. H. R. W.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
the journal of pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.964
H-Index - 184
eISSN - 1096-9896
pISSN - 0022-3417
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1096-9896(199906)188:2<119::aid-path321>3.0.co;2-n
Subject(s) - osteochondroma , hereditary multiple exostoses , pathogenesis , chondrosarcoma , gene , biology , genetics , mutation , cancer research , suppressor , pathology , medicine , immunology , anatomy
Many theories of osteochondroma pathogenesis have been advanced. Genetic research into the inherited multiple form, hereditary multiple exostoses, has revealed a new family of tumour suppressor genes denoted EXT. Patterns of EXT gene mutation in hereditary multiple exostoses, in solitary and multiple osteochondromas, and in chondrosarcoma are analogous to those found in other tumour suppressor genes responsible for family cancer traits and associated malignancies. With one exception, most features of osteochondroma behaviour are comparable to those of benign neoplasms. The neoplastic pathogenesis of osteochondromas provides an alternative to the traditional ‘skeletal dysplasia’ theory to explain the growth disturbance associated with hereditary multiple exostoses. Recent studies on the physiological function of EXT genes are reviewed and implications for osteochondroma ‘cell‐of‐origin’ theories are discussed. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.