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Modelling road surface sediment production using a vector geographic information system
Author(s) -
Anderson Donald M.,
Macdonald Lee H.
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
earth surface processes and landforms
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.294
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1096-9837
pISSN - 0197-9337
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1096-9837(199802)23:2<95::aid-esp849>3.0.co;2-1
Subject(s) - sediment , erosion , drainage basin , hydrology (agriculture) , environmental science , drainage , road surface , geographic information system , surface runoff , geology , geomorphology , remote sensing , geography , geotechnical engineering , cartography , civil engineering , ecology , engineering , biology
Abstract Field investigations indicate that unpaved roads are the largest sediment source on St John, US Virgin Islands. Cross‐sectional measurements of eroded road surfaces were used to establish an empirical relationship to predict annual road surface erosion as a function of road gradient and contributing drainage area. A model (ROADMOD) for estimating and mapping average annual sediment production from a road network was developed by combining this empirical relationship with a series of network algorithms to analyse road data stored in a vector geographic information system. ROADMOD was used to estimate road surface erosion in two St John catchments with very different road densities but similar land cover, topography and soils. Unpaved roads were found to increase sediment production in the more densely roaded catchment by a factor of three to eight, and in the less‐roaded catchment by a factor of 1·3–2·0. Turbidity measurements in the receiving bays of these two catchments are consistent with model predictions and observed sediment delivery processes. Although this model was developed specifically for St John, it can easily be adapted to other locations by substituting a locally derived predictive equation for road erosion. Model assumptions, limitations and potential improvements are discussed. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.