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A comparison of TSPY genes from Y‐chromosomal DNA of the great apes and humans: Sequence, evolution, and phylogeny
Author(s) -
Kim HeuiSoo,
Takenaka Osamu
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
american journal of physical anthropology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.146
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1096-8644
pISSN - 0002-9483
DOI - 10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199607)100:3<301::aid-ajpa1>3.0.co;2-x
Subject(s) - gorilla , biology , baboon , phylogenetic tree , intron , hylobates , pongo pygmaeus , genetics , hominidae , phylogenetics , nucleic acid sequence , evolutionary biology , gene , zoology , biological evolution , paleontology , endocrinology
The genes for testis‐specific protein Y (TSPY) were sequenced from chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes ), gorilla ( Gorilla gorilla ), orangutan ( Pongo pygmaeus ), and baboon ( Papio hamadryas ). The sequences were compared with each other and with the published human sequence. Substitutions were detected at 144 of the 755 nucleotide positions compared. In overviewing five sequences, one deletion in human, four successive nucleotide insertions in orangutan, and seven deletions/insertions in baboon sequence were noted. The present sequences differed from that of human by 1.9% (chimpanzee), 4.0% (gorilla), 8.2% (orangutan), and 16.8% (baboon), respectively. The phylogenetic tree constructed by the neighbor‐joining method suggests that human and chimpanzee are more closely related to each other than either of them is to gorilla, and this result is also supported by maximum likelihood and strict consensus maximum parsimony trees. The number of nucleotide substitutions per site between human and chimpanzee, gorilla, and orangutan for TSPY intron were 0.024, 0.048, and 0.094, respectively. The rates of nucleotide substitutions per site per year were higher in the TSPY intron than in the TSPY exon, and higher in the TSPY intron than in the ZFY (Zinc Finger Y) intron in human and apes. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.