Nutrition issues in adult hematopoietic cell transplantation: A narrative review of latest advances

Abstract Patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) are a highly heterogenous population with respect to their unique nutrient requirements and need for nutrition support. Dose‐intensive conditioning regimens in addition to the debilitating effects of graft‐vs‐host disease impact and adversely affect the transplant recipient's nutrition status. Decreased oral intake, increased nutrient requirements, and impaired nutrient absorption and utilization often necessitate specialized nutrition support. The use of parenteral nutrition and enteral nutrition support, as well as dietary intervention strategies for immunocompromised patients, have varied over the past five decades and are highly dependent on the type of transplant used. This review highlights adult nutrition assessment components, nutrition support practices, and management of complex nutrition consequences associated with HCT.