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Dynamic glucose enhanced imaging using direct water saturation
Author(s) -
Knutsson Linda,
Yadav Nirbhay N.,
Mohammed Ali Sajad,
Kamson David Olayinka,
Demetriou Eleni,
Seidemo Anina,
Blair Lindsay,
Lin Doris D.,
Laterra John,
Zijl Peter C. M.
Publication year - 2025
Publication title -
magnetic resonance in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.696
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1522-2594
pISSN - 0740-3194
DOI - 10.1002/mrm.30447
Subject(s) - nuclear medicine , nuclear magnetic resonance , white matter , chemistry , perfusion , voxel , area under the curve , magnetic resonance imaging , medicine , radiology , physics
Abstract Purpose Dynamic glucose enhanced (DGE) MRI studies employ CEST or spin lock (CESL) to study glucose uptake. Currently, these methods are hampered by low effect size and sensitivity to motion. To overcome this, we propose to utilize exchange‐based linewidth (LW) broadening of the direct water saturation (DS) curve of the water saturation spectrum (Z‐spectrum) during and after glucose infusion (DS‐DGE MRI). Methods To estimate the glucose‐infusion‐induced LW changes ( Δ LW) , Bloch‐McConnell simulations were performed for normoglycemia and hyperglycemia in blood, gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), CSF, and malignant tumor tissue. Whole‐brain DS‐DGE imaging was implemented at 3 T using dynamic Z‐spectral acquisitions (1.2 s per offset frequency, 38 s per spectrum) and assessed on four brain tumor patients using infusion of 35 g of D‐glucose. To assess Δ LW , a deep learning‐based Lorentzian fitting approach was used on voxel‐based DS spectra acquired before, during, and post‐infusion. Area‐under‐the‐curve (AUC) images, obtained from the dynamic Δ LW time curves, were compared qualitatively to perfusion‐weighted imaging parametric maps. Results In simulations, Δ LW was 1.3%, 0.30%, 0.29/0.34%, 7.5%, and 13% in arterial blood, venous blood, GM/WM, malignant tumor tissue, and CSF, respectively. In vivo, Δ LW was approximately 1% in GM/WM, 5% to 20% for different tumor types, and 40% in CSF. The resulting DS‐DGE AUC maps clearly outlined lesion areas. Conclusions DS‐DGE MRI is highly promising for assessing D‐glucose uptake. Initial results in brain tumor patients show high‐quality AUC maps of glucose‐induced line broadening and DGE‐based lesion enhancement similar and/or complementary to perfusion‐weighted imaging.