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A systematic review and meta‐analysis of parental mentalization in fathers and mothers
Author(s) -
Trepiak Philip,
Deneault AudreyAnn,
Bureau JeanFrançois
Publication year - 2025
Publication title -
infant mental health journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.693
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1097-0355
pISSN - 0163-9641
DOI - 10.1002/imhj.70001
Subject(s) - mentalization , psychology , developmental psychology , construct (python library) , meta analysis , medicine , computer science , programming language
Abstract Despite the growing literature on parental mentalization (including measures such as mind‐mindedness, parental reflective functioning, and parental insightfulness), considerably less research on parental mentalization has been conducted with fathers than with mothers, leaving important gaps in our understanding of gender differences in the construct. Specifically, it is not clear whether mothers and fathers exhibit similar levels of parental mentalization, and whether their scores are correlated. This knowledge can help inform the literature on similarities and differences between maternal and paternal behaviors, as well as the literature on their correlates. This study sought to answer these questions using a systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies evaluating parental mentalization capacities in partnered mothers and fathers. Across 36 studies (32 unique samples and 87 effect sizes, N = 3,996 fathers and 4,414 mothers), mainly from Europe and North America, the results show that fathers presented lower scores than mothers ( d = −.17, p < .001). There was also a significant correlation in scores between mothers and fathers of the same family ( r = .15, p < .001). There were no significant moderators. Findings from this study emphasize the need for research on parental mentalization to use a family system approach.