Open AccessCommercializable Fluorine‐Doped Porous Carbon Toward Advanced 4.5 V‐Class Lithium‐Ion Capacitors
Author(s) -
Liu Sen,
Jia Minyu,
Chu Fulu,
Jiang Hao,
Jia Jiale,
Sun Jinfeng,
Liu Yang,
Hou Linrui,
Yuan Changzhou
Publication year - 2025
Publication title -
energy and environmental materials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2575-0356
DOI - 10.1002/eem2.70002
Subject(s) - lithium (medication) , doping , fluorine , materials science , capacitor , carbon fibers , ion , porosity , chemical engineering , inorganic chemistry , chemistry , composite material , optoelectronics , organic chemistry , electrical engineering , psychology , composite number , metallurgy , engineering , psychiatry , voltage
Low specific capacitances and/or limited working potential (≤4.5 V). of the prevalent carbon‐based positive electrodes as the inborn bottleneck seriously hinder practical advancement of lithium‐ion capacitors. Thus, breakthroughs in enhancement of both specific capacitances and upper cutoff potentials are enormously significant for high‐energy density lithium‐ion capacitors. Herein, we first meticulously design and scalably fabricate a commercializable fluorine‐doped porous carbon material with competitive tap density, large active surface, appropriate aperture distribution, and promoted affinity with the electrolyte, rendering its abundant electroactive inter‐/surface and rapidPF 6 −transport. Theoretical calculations authenticate that fluorine‐doped porous carbon possesses lowerPF 6 −adsorption energy and stronger interaction withPF 6 − . Thanks to the remarkable structural/compositional superiority, when served as a positive electrode toward lithium‐ion capacitors, the commercial‐level fluorine‐doped porous carbon showcases the record‐breaking electrochemical properties within a wider working window of 2.5–5.0 V (vs Li/Li + ) in terms of high‐rate specific capacitances and long‐duration stability, much superior to commercial activated carbon. More significantly, the 4.5 V‐class graphite//fluorine‐doped porous carbon lithium‐ion capacitors are first constructed and manifest competitive electrochemical behaviors with long‐cycle life, modest polarization, and large energy density. Our work provides a commendable positive paradigm and contributes a major step forward in next‐generation lithium‐ion capacitors and even other high‐energy density metal‐ion capacitors.