Tailoring Bio‐Based Epoxy‐Anhydride Thermosets: A Comprehensive Study on the Epoxidized Sucrose Soyate and Dodecenyl Succinic Anhydride System

ABSTRACT This study investigated the development and optimization of bio‐based thermosets synthesized from epoxidized sucrose soyate (ESS) and dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DDSA). It explored how variations in the stoichiometric ratio of epoxide‐to‐anhydride ( R ) and catalyst concentration influence the chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of these sustainable thermosets. A multi‐analytical approach was used to optimize curing conditions and characterize the resulting thermosets. The most effective curing process involved a two‐stage protocol: initial curing at 120°C, followed by post‐curing at 150°C, which enabled achieving the desired properties in a shorter period while minimizing energy consumption. Non‐stoichiometric ratios demonstrated superior performance, with the optimal elasticity‐strength balance achieved at R  = 0.75 and maximum tensile toughness at R  = 1.00. The thermosets exhibited excellent thermal stability, with initial decomposition temperatures exceeding 270°C in both oxidative and inert environments. Quaternary onium salt (BV‐CAT7) was found to be the most efficient catalyst, with 3 wt % concentration at R = 0.75, providing optimal glass transition temperature, crosslink density, and thermal stability. Coating performance evaluations showed that formulations with R between 0.75 and 1.00, containing a 3% BV‐CAT7, demonstrated superior performance in hardness, flexibility, solvent resistance, and adhesion. Finally, by systematically exploring the tunability and performance limits of ESS‐DDSA systems, this research contributes to the broader goal of developing high‐performance, sustainable alternatives to conventional petroleum‐based thermosets, tailored for specific industrial applications.