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Programmable Mono‐/Di‐alkylation of Amines with Aldehydes Over a Pd δ − –H Electrocatalyst
Author(s) -
Xia SiYuan,
Zhang ShiNan,
Xu Dong,
Leng BingLiang,
Lu KaiYuan,
Chen JieSheng,
Li XinHao
Publication year - 2025
Publication title -
angewandte chemie international edition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.831
H-Index - 550
eISSN - 1521-3773
pISSN - 1433-7851
DOI - 10.1002/anie.202425622
Subject(s) - alkylation , alkyl , amine gas treating , electrochemistry , chemistry , molecule , electrocatalyst , functional group , combinatorial chemistry , organic chemistry , catalysis , polymer , electrode
Abstract Programmable amine N‐alkylation provides a new method to combine the required alkyl groups with amine molecules according to actual demand and to precisely regulate the biological and pharmaceutical properties of life science amine molecules. However, only the electrochemical mono‐methylation of amines has been achieved via C─N coupling with CO 2 accompanied by an unsatisfactory Faraday efficiency (FE) lower than 10%. Herein, we developed programmable electrocatalytic N‐alkylation of amines with two controllable alkyl groups and one methyl group. Both experimental characterization and density functional theory (DFT) calculations have demonstrated the critical role of electron‐enriched Pd metals in transforming amines into alkylamines with two chosen alkyl groups and a methyl group. Moreover, the electrocatalytic transformation of amines to alkylamines with satisfactory FE values (86%–96%) has been achieved, further expanding the scope of electrochemical C─N coupling and possibly opening a new world of electrochemical amine N‐alkylation.