NANOSCALE DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGIES: INTRODUCTION AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

Nanoscale drug delivery systems are now proposed as an alternative to classical formulations for drug administration, delivery and targeting. For the past few decades, there has been a considerable research interest in the area of drug delivery using particulate delivery systems as carriers for small and large molecules. Nanoscale technologies are beginning to change the foundations of disease diagnosis, treatment and prevention. They have been used in vivo to protect the drug entity in the systemic circulation, restrict access of the drug to the chosen sites and to deliver the drug at a controlled and sustained rate to the site of action. Various polymers have been used in the formulation of nanoparticles for drug delivery research to increase therapeutic benefit, while minimizing side effects. Here, we review various approaches of nanoscale drug delivery system in delivery of drug molecules and therapeutic genes. The article also reveals the concept of DNA nanotechnology as well as nanospore sequencing from nanomedicine