PHYTOCHEMICAL, PHARMACOLOGICAL AND PHARMACOKINETICS EFFECTS OF ROSMARINIC ACID

Rosmarinic acid is natural polyphenol antioxidant isolated from Rosmarinus officinalis L. and commonly found in species of the Boraginaceae and the subfamily Nepetoideae of the Lamiaceae. RA species of Labiatae named Salvia officinalis, Rosmarinus officinali. RA exhibits important biological activities include its anti-carcinogenic, antiviral, antibacterial antimicrobial, antidepressant qualities. Plants of Labiatae family have been used in traditional medicine for exhaustion, phytotherapy, weakness, depression, and memory enhancement, circulation improvement, strengthening of fragile blood vessels, inflammation, and infection CNS disorder. RA showed the highest concentrations of antioxidant all the polyphenols. It is a red-orange powder that is slightly soluble in water, but well soluble in most organic solvents. RA polyphenolic compounds have been associated with antioxidative action in biological systems, acting as scavengers of singlet oxygen and free radicals. RA protects neurons from oxidative stress significantly attenuated H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptotic cell death and could contribute at least in part to neuroprotective effects because this natural compound exerts neuroprotective and anti-oxidative effects against neurotoxin insult in dopaminergic cells. This review focused on pharmacokinetics and use different uses of RA as antioxidant agent, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, photo protective, anticancer, antidepressant, and possible neuroprotective agent mechanism of actions