Fârâbî ve İbn Sînâ'da Felsefe Tarihi Kurgusu ve İslâm'da Felsefenin Konumu

In this study, it is comprehensively examined the editing of the history of philosophy which has been belonged to Abu Nasr al-Fârâbî and Avicenna and investigated the identity of philosophy in Islamic civilization. Firstly, it is opened to debate the meaning of philosophy on which has been agreed for the last two centuries and the academic findings in modern studies which are related to Islamic philosophy. Secondly, the naming of “Islamic philosophy” is reconstructed with its historical and anthropological grounds. Thirdly, it is described the historiography of philosophy which has firstly developed in the history by al-Fârâbî and given the gradual developing in the emergence of language and sciences and philosophy and religion in it. This philosopher means only Islam with the religion and Islam means civil life which the people have reached. He imagines the historiography of philosophy as a kind of philosophy of history and sets about something like expression of the history of the human and the world. It is accepted the emergence of language and sciences and philosophy and Islam as an apodictic position of the progressive history. Al-Fârâbî approves of only Aristotle in the especially of Ancient Greek philosophy and it seems that he has placed himself a higher position. Al-Fârâbî’s philosophical analysis looks like modern philosophy of history and modern analysis of language and critical ontology which called by Michel Foucault. Avicenna approves of the idea of the history of philosophy which has created by him and helps to progress. We see Avicenna thinks that Aristotle’s philosophy is not sufficient. Fourthly, following this philosophical analysis, we see the philosophy in Islam as a systematical reason which includes the sciences. Then this systematical reason has taken consciously and made currently. Also Islam which the philosophy is carrying out seems like the reality.