Türkiye'de Futbolun Tarihine Bir Bakış: Toplumsal Sonuçları Açısından Futbol Ve Siyaset İlişkisi

Football, perceived as a means of opposition tool and so prohibited in the first years that it entered the Osmanlı Society, afterwards gained its freedom with Second Constitutional Era. Afterwards in the period of Committee of Union and Progress, football has become a representative tool of rising Turkism Movement, has been the scene of intervention of politics by entering into a tense relation with sport policy of early Republican Era. Football, has started to expand in the surface of country by National Set applications in the years that sport passed into the state administration, gained profesional status by the management of Demokrat Party. Establishment of Second and Third Leagues by the effect of improvement of Anatolian capital and investments in 60s, prepared the conditions of identification of sport with football in Turkey, this situation in the following years has led to the phenomenon “Anatolian Clubism”. It is outstanding that with the Özal Period, anyhow football is used for vote concern by powers. Instrumentalization of football as a safety valve in social and political matters after 12 September and giving a special importance to football by ruling regimes in the process of suppression of social politics are seen as a conspicuous phenomenon. From the 90s, the mayors extreme interest for football also is an indicator of a new kind of protectionism. After the match-fixing operation in 2011 turning football fans’ organized protests into social movement shows that football fandom in Turkey also become one of the dominant social “identitites”. This event, in terms of sociological results of it, has been turned into an identity crisis caused by interference of the power, have created a polarization between government forces and Fenerbahçe fans. In the final analysis since the birth of football in Turkey, it is outstanding that football has been the scene of intervention of politics.