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Organotin compounds in marine water and sediments from the port of Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
Author(s) -
Víctor Macías-Carranza,
José Vinicio MacíasZamora,
J.A. Villaescusa-Celaya
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
ciencias marinas
Language(s) - Spanish
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.215
H-Index - 29
eISSN - 2395-9053
pISSN - 0185-3880
DOI - 10.7773/cm.v23i3.804
Subject(s) - bay , biota , environmental science , environmental chemistry , sediment , pollutant , contamination , environmental engineering , geology , chemistry , oceanography , ecology , geomorphology , organic chemistry , biology
Durante septiembre y octubre de 1995 se tomaron muestras de sedimento y agua en el puerto de Ensenada. Baja California, con el doble objetivo de desarrollar un sistema de analisis y cuantificacion para compuestos organometalicos (tributil, dibutil y monobutilestano), conocidos como TBTs (por sus siglas en ingles), y determinar los niveles de esas sustancias toxicas en esta zona. El metodo desarrollado se basa en la aplicacion de la tecnica de generacion de hidruros con deteccion por espectrofotometria de absorcion atomica. Las concentraciones encontradas fueron relativamente altas (33 a 1021 ng g-1 de Sn en sedimento y 66 a 469 ng L-1 de Sn en agua) comparadas con valores obtenidos en trabajos similares realizados en la Bahia de San Diego, California, EUA. Estos resultados sugieren que el puerto de Ensenada es una zona que esta siendo sujeta a descargas sin regulacion de estos compuestos y que pudiera mostrar problemas de contaminacion por compuestos organoestanados. Se identificaron dos fuentes principales de compuestos organoestanados en la zona: los astilleros, en la parte norte del puerto, y un dique flotante, cercano a la entrada de la rada. Se sugiere que el enriquecimiento de TBTs se debe a las labores de reparacion de embarcaciones, que incluyen raspado y pintura, siendo estas las actividades que aportan mayor porcentaje. La presencia de los tres compuestos organoestanados en concentraciones decrecientes a partir del tributilestano sugiere la entrada reciente y continua de estos compuestos. Similarmente. la mayor abundancia de estos compuestos en sedimentos marinos que en el agua sugiere que existe un mecanismo eficiente de remocion de la columna de agua hacia el sedimento de estos compuestos. Se encontro una correlacion lineal (a = 0.05) entre el contenido de materia organica y la concentracion de organoestanados totales en el sedimento. La asociacion con material organico es una variable que determino parcialmente la distribucion espacial de estos compuestos. During September and October 1995, samples of surface sediments and water were collected to develop an analytical set-up to determine the concentrations of the organic compounds known as tributyltins (TBTs), including tributyl-, dibutyl- and monobutyltin. The method was then used to measure the levels of these contaminants in the port of Ensenada, Baja California. The method is based on hydride generation with atomic absorption detection. The concentrations determined were found to be relatively high (33 to 1021 ng g-1 of Sn in sediments and 66 to 469 ng L-1 in water samples), when compared to those obtained in similar works at San Diego Bay in California, USA. Comparisons are also made with other geographical locations. These results suggest that the port of Ensenada is an area that is receiving substantial amounts of these chemicals and might already be affecting the health of local biota. Two sources of these chemicals were identified: the activities associated with painting and cleaning of both commercial and sport boats, and the presence, at the time of the sampling, of an old platform near the entrance to the port facilities. The presence of the three compounds suggests that there is a permanent entry of these pollutants; furthermore, the presence of decreasing concentrations, starting with the more butylated compounds, suggests a recent introduction. Thc higher concentrations found in the sediment samples indicates the existence of an eflicient method of removal from the water column to the sediments of these compounds. The removal mechanism is associated with the presente of organic matter in the port area. In the sediments, the distribution of TBTs was partially dictated by the organic content, as a significant correlation (a = 0.05) between TBT concentra

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