What Was a University Press?

How much can we turn the screw on counter-examples to the KK principle? The principle, also sometimes called “positive introspection”, says that if one knows that P, one knows that one knows that P. It is widely, although not universally, acknowledged that the KK principle is false, and not just for the boring reason that one can know that P without having formed the belief that one knows that P. One can know that P, and believe that one knows that P, without knowing that one knows that P, because one is not in a strong enough epistemic position to know that one knows that P (Williamson 2000: 11430). One’s epistemic position is weaker with respect to the fact that one knows that P than it is with respect to the fact that P itself. But how much weaker can one’s epistemic position be with respect to the fact that one knows that P than it is with respect to the fact that P? Of course, if one does know that P, one’s epistemic position with respect to the fact that one knows that P cannot be so bad that one positively knows that one does not know that P, as opposed to merely failing to know that one knows that P, for knowing is