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MYB transcription factors play important roles in different plant biological processes during plant growth, development and stress response. In this study, 101 ( DoMYB1-101 ) and 99 ( PaMYB1-99 )  R2R3-MYB  genes were identified in the genomes of  Dendrobium officinale  and  Phalaenopsis aphrodite , respectively. To classify the isolated candidate genes, the  R2R3-MYB  genes from  A. thaliana  were selected as references. As a result, all identified  DoMYB  and  PaMYB  genes were classified into 22 subfamilies. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that S21 had the largest number of members of all the subfamilies. The numbers of introns, exons and conserved sequences in all of the identified genes are different. In addition, 20  DoMYB  genes from six subfamilies were selected for further analysis of tissue-specific expression and responses to various abiotic stresses treatments. The results showed that all of the  DoMYB  genes in S4 and S19 subfamilies exhibited the highest relative expression levels in flowers. And five  DoMYB  genes including  DoMYB31 ,  DoMYB40 , DoMYB49,  DoMYB52  and  DoMYB54 , responded to the stress response. These results may provide useful information for further studies of the R2R3-MYB gene family.

Genome-wide identification and expression analyses of R2R3-MYB transcription factor genes from two Orchid species