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DNA methylation is a highly conserved epigenetic modification involved in many biological processes, including growth and development, stress response, and secondary metabolism. In the plant kingdom,  cytosine - 5 DNA methyltransferase  ( C5-MTase ) and  DNA demethylase  ( dMTase ) genes have been identified in some plant species. However, to the best of our knowledge, no investigator has focused on the identification and analysis of  C5-MTase  and  dMTase  genes in tea plants ( Camellia sinensis ) based on genome-wide levels. In this study, eight  CsC5-MTases  and four  dMTases  were identified in tea plants. These  CsC5-MTase  genes were divided into four subfamilies, including  CsMET ,  CsCMT ,  CsDRM  and  CsDNMT2 . The  CsdMTase  genes can be classified into  CsROS ,  CsDME  and  CsDML . Based on conserved domain analysis of these genes, the gene loss and duplication events occurred during the evolution of  CsC5-MTase  and  CsdMTase . Furthermore, multiple  cis -acting elements were observed in the  CsC5-MTase  and  CsdMTase , including light responsiveness, phytohormone responsiveness, stress responsiveness, and plant growth and development-related elements. Then, we investigated the transcript abundance of  CsC5-MTase  and  CsdMTase  under abiotic stress (cold and drought) and withering processing (white tea and oolong tea). Notably, most  CsC5-MTases , except for  CsCMT1  and  CsCMT2 , were significantly downregulated under abiotic stress, while the transcript abundance of all four  CsdMTase  genes was significantly induced. Similarly, the same transcript abundance of  CsC5-MTase  and  CsdMTase  was found during withering processing of white tea and oolong tea, respectively. In total, our findings will provide a basis for the roles of  CsC5-MTase  and  CsdMTase  in response to abiotic stress and the potential functions of these two gene families in affecting tea flavor during tea withering processing.

peerj

Genome-wide investigation and transcriptional analysis of cytosine-5 DNA methyltransferase and DNA demethylase gene families in tea plant (<i>Camellia sinensis</i>) under abiotic stress and withering processing

Genome-wide investigation and transcriptional analysis of cytosine-5 DNA methyltransferase and DNA demethylase gene families in tea plant (Camellia sinensis) under abiotic stress and withering processing