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Background  Development of skeletal muscle is closely related to broiler production traits. The myocyte-specific enhancer binding factor (MEF) 2D gene ( MEF2D ) and its variant transcripts play important parts in myogenesis.    Methods  To identify the transcript variants of chicken  MEF2D  gene and their function, this study cloned chicken  MEF2D  gene and identified its transcript variants from different tissue samples. The expression levels of different transcripts of  MEF2D  gene in different tissues and different periods were measured, and their effects on myoblast proliferation and differentiation were investigated. Variations in MEF2D were identified and association analysis with chicken production traits carried out.    Results  Four novel transcript variants of  MEF2D  were obtained, all of which contained highly conserved sequences, including MADS-Box and MEF2-Domain functional regions. Transcript  MEF2D-V4  was expressed specifically in muscle, and its expression was increased during embryonic muscle development. The  MEF2D-V4  could promote differentiation of chicken myoblasts and its expression was regulated by  RBFOX2 . The single nucleotide polymorphism g.36186C > T generated a TAG stop codon, caused MEF2D-V4 to terminate translation early, and was associated with several growth traits, especially on early body weight.    Conclusion  We cloned the muscle-specific transcript of  MEF2D  and preliminarily revealed its role in embryonic muscle development.

A novel transcript of MEF2D promotes myoblast differentiation and its variations associated with growth traits in chicken