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Morphological variation in the geographically widespread coral  Porites lobata  can make it difficult to distinguish from other massive congeneric species. This morphological variation could be attributed to geographic variability, phenotypic plasticity, or a combination of such factors. We examined genetic and microscopic morphological variability in  P. lobata  samples from the Galápagos, Easter Island, Tahiti, Fiji, Rarotonga, and Australia. Panamanian  P. evermanni  specimens were used as a previously established distinct outgroup against which to test genetic and morphological methods of discrimination. We employed a molecular analysis of variance (AMOVA) based on ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) sequence, principal component analysis (PCA) of skeletal landmarks, and Mantel tests to compare genetic and morphological variation. Both genetic and morphometric methods clearly distinguished  P. lobata  and  P. evermanni , while significant genetic and morphological variance was attributed to differences among geographic regions for  P. lobata . Mantel tests indicate a correlation between genetic and morphological variation for  P. lobata  across the Pacific. Here we highlight landmark morphometric measures that correlate well with genetic differences, showing promise for resolving species of  Porites , one of the most ubiquitous yet challenging to identify architects of coral reefs.

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Clues to unraveling the coral species problem: distinguishing species from geographic variation in<i>Porites</i>across the Pacific with molecular markers and microskeletal traits

Clues to unraveling the coral species problem: distinguishing species from geographic variation inPoritesacross the Pacific with molecular markers and microskeletal traits