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Pathogens invading the mammary gland are recognized through a range of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), residing on the plasma membrane of mammary epithelial cells. Toll-like receptor 2 ( TLR2 ) signalling is responsible for recognition of Gram-positive bacteria, which are the most common mastitis-causing pathogens in goats. Somatic cell counts (SCC) in milk are routinely determined in goat dairy flocks and serve as an indicator of milk quality, which is highly correlated to intramammary infections. Recently, a single nucleotide polymorphism of the  TLR2  was suggested to be associated with SCC in goat milk. To further test the suggested association, we genotyped 61 Slovenian Alpine goats included in the dataset. The effect of the genotype was analysed using the general linear model (GLM) procedure of SAS/STAT software. We found the  TLR2  genotypes significantly ( p  = 0.0007) associated with milk SCC. Animals with the  A/G  genotype had significantly ( p  ≤ 0.05) lower SCC value in milk compared to the  G/G  genotype. Our data suggest that the  A  allele is the minor one and is associated with lower milk SCC. In the current study, we provide a validated PCR-RFLP based genotyping assay for the  TLR2  SNP (rs650082970) and confirm its association with milk SCC. Further studies to confirm the association on a larger number of animals of different breeds and to explain functional consequences of the polymorphism in relation to SCC are encouraged.

TLR2 polymorphism (rs650082970) is associated with somatic cell count in goat milk