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A previous genome-wide transcriptional analysis identified long non-coding RNA 8138.1 ( lncRNA8138.1 ) as a candidate gene related to hen duration of the fertility (DF) trait.  LncRNA8138.1  gene response to growth factor and reproductive system development suggests it has a vital role in reproduction. In this study, we investigated the  lncRNA8138.1  gene sequence in a population of egg-laying hens. The sequence analysis of the  lncRNA8138.1  gene containing about 1.6 k nucleotides (nt) was observed with four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 7 nt indel including r.4937159A > G; r.4937219T > C; r.4937258G > C; r.4937318C > G and g.4937319_4937325delinsTGTGTGG. Next, the genomic DNAs from laying hen populations were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) to detect a region of 457 bp carrying  lncRNA8138.1  r.4937159A > G substitution. Further inspection of the region containing r.4937159A > G mutation revealed three genotypes viz., AA, AG, and GG were observed with respective frequencies of 0.106, 0.607, and 0.287 in laying hen population 1 (P1) ( n  = 1, 042) and respective frequencies of 0.176, 0.708, and 0.116 in laying hen population 2 (P2) ( n  = 826). Moreover, to further examining the frequencies of r.4937159A > G genotypes in P1 and P2, and their additive and dominance effects; r.4937159A > G locus was significantly associated with DF-trait in both P1 and P2 (EN: the number of eggs, FN: the number of fertile eggs after a single AI), and DN (the number of days post-insemination until last fertile egg). In testing for additive and dominance effects, additive effect was significant ( P  < 0.05) in both P1 and P2 for DF-trait, and the dominance effect was significant ( P  < 0.05) for EN and FN traits, suggesting that r.4937159A > G polymorphism is a potential biomarker for DF-trait. However, the identified novel r.4937159A > G mutation and others require further investigation to confirm phenotypic causality and potential genetic relationships with reproductive traits. Overall, our findings suggest the significance of genetic variation in long non-coding RNAs may assist in future breeding programs to improve selection for prolonged DF-trait.

Association of single nucleotide polymorphism at long non-coding RNA 8138.1 with duration of fertility in egg-laying hens