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Prunus mume  is an important ornamental woody plant that grows in tropical and subtropical regions. Freezing stress can adversely impact plant productivity and limit the expansion of geographical locations. Understanding cold-responsive genes could potentially bring about the development of new ways to enhance plant freezing tolerance. Members of the serine/threonine protein kinase ( CIPK ) gene family play important roles in abiotic stress. However, the function of  CIPK  genes in  P. mume  remains poorly defined. A total of 16  CIPK  genes were first identified in  P. mume . A systematic phylogenetic analysis was conducted in which 253  CIPK  genes from 12 species were divided into three groups. Furthermore, we analysed the chromosomal locations, molecular structures, motifs and domains of  CIPK  genes in  P. mume . All of the CIPK sequences had NAF domains and promoter regions containing cis-acting regulatory elements of the related stress response. Three  PmCIPK  genes were identified as Pmu-miR172/167-targeted sites. Transcriptome data showed that most  PmCIPK  genes presented tissue-specific and time-specific expression profiles. Nine genes were highly expressed in flower buds in December and January, and 12 genes were up-regulated in stems in winter. The expression levels of 12  PmCIPK  genes were up-regulated during cold stress treatment confirmed by qRT-PCR. Our study improves understanding of the role of the  PmCIPK  gene family in the low temperature response in woody plants and provides key candidate genes and a theoretical basis for cold resistance molecular-assisted breeding technology in  P. mume .

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Identification and comparative analysis of the <i>CIPK</i> gene family and characterization of the cold stress response in the woody plant <i>Prunus mume</i>

Identification and comparative analysis of the CIPK gene family and characterization of the cold stress response in the woody plant Prunus mume