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The diazotrophic  Paenibacillus polymyxa  WLY78 possesses a minimal nitrogen fixation gene cluster consisting of nine genes ( nifB nifH nifD nifK nifE nifN nifX hesA  and  nifV ). Notably, the  hesA  gene contained within the  nif  gene cluster is also found within  nif  gene clusters among diazotrophic cyanobacteria and  Frankia . The predicted product HesA is a member of the ThiF-MoeB-HesA family containing an N-terminal nucleotide binding domain and a C-terminal MoeZ/MoeB-like domain. However, the function of  hesA  gene in nitrogen fixation is unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that the  hesA  mutation of  P. polymyxa  WLY78 leads to nearly complete loss of nitrogenase activity. The effect of the mutation can be partially suppressed by the addition of high levels of molybdate or cystine. However, the nitrogenase activity of the  hesA  mutant could not be restored by  Klebsiella oxytoca nifQ  or  Escherichia coli moeB  completely. In addition, the  hesA  mutation does not affect nitrate reductase activity of  P. polymyxa  WLY78. Our results demonstrate  hesA  is a novel gene specially required for nitrogen fixation and its role is related to introduction of S and Mo into the FeMo-co of nitrogenase.

peerj

Suppression of<i>hesA</i>mutation on nitrogenase activity in<i>Paenibacillus polymyxa</i>WLY78 with the addition of high levels of molybdate or cystine

Suppression ofhesAmutation on nitrogenase activity inPaenibacillus polymyxaWLY78 with the addition of high levels of molybdate or cystine