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Background  Our team discovered that  Prochlorococcus  can take up glucose, in a process that changes the transcriptional pattern of several genes involved in glucose metabolization. We have also shown that  glcH  encodes a very high affinity glucose transporter, and that glucose is taken up by natural  Prochlorococcus  populations. We demonstrated that the kinetic parameters of glucose uptake show significant diversity in different  Prochlorococcus  and  Synechococcus  strains. Here, we tested whether the transcriptional response of  glcH  to several glucose concentrations and light conditions was also different depending on the studied strain.    Methods  Cultures were grown in the light, supplemented with five different glucose concentrations or subjected to darkness, and cells harvested after 24 h of treatment. qRT-PCR was used to determine  glcH  expression in four  Prochlorococcus  and two  Synechococcus  strains.    Results  In all studied strains  glcH  was expressed in the absence of glucose, and it increased upon glucose addition to cultures. The changes differed depending on the strain, both in the magnitude and in the way cells responded to the tested glucose concentrations. Unlike the other strains,  Synechococcus  BL107 showed the maximum glucose uptake at 5 nM glucose. Darkness induced a strong decrease in  glcH  expression, especially remarkable in  Prochlorococcus  MIT9313.    Discussion  Our results suggest that marine picocyanobacteria are actively monitoring the availability of glucose, to upregulate  glcH  expression in order to exploit the presence of sugars in the environment. The diverse responses observed in different strains suggest that the transcriptional regulation of glucose uptake has been adjusted by evolutive selection. Darkness promotes a strong decrease in  glcH  expression in all studied strains, which fits with previous results on glucose uptake in  Prochlorococcus . Overall, this work reinforces the importance of mixotrophy for marine picocyanobacteria.

Differential expression of the glucose transporter geneglcHin response to glucose and light in marine picocyanobacteria