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The genus  Leggadina  (colloquially known as ‘short-tailed mice’) is a common component of Quaternary faunas of northeastern Australia. They represent a member of the Australian old endemic murid radiation that arrived on the continent sometime during the late Cenozoic. Here we describe two new species of extinct  Leggadina  from Quaternary cave deposits as well as additional material of the extinct  Leggadina macrodonta .  Leggadina irvini  sp. nov. recovered from Middle-Upper (late) Pleistocene cave deposits near Chillagoe, northeastern Queensland, is the biggest member of the genus, being substantially larger than any other species so far described.  Leggadina webbi  sp. nov. from Middle Pleistocene cave deposits at Mount Etna, central eastern Queensland, shares features with the oldest species of the genus, the Early Pleistocene  L. gregoriensis . Based on the current palaeoecological interpretation of the type locality,  L. webbi , represents the only member of the genus that inhabited rainforest. The succession of  Leggadina  species through the late Quaternary suggests an ecological replacement of the extinct large-bodied  L. irvini  with the extant, small-bodied  L. lakedownesis  at Chillagoe. At Mt. Etna, the extinct rainforest species  L. webbi  is replaced with the extant xeric-adapted  L. forresti  during the latest Middle Pleistocene. This replacement is associated with a mid-Pleistocene shift towards progressive intensifying seasonal and arid climates. Our study adds to the growing list of small-bodied faunal extinctions during the late Quaternary of northern Australia.

Short-tailed mice with a long fossil record: the genusLeggadina(Rodentia: Muridae) from the Quaternary of Queensland, Australia