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The family Toxoderidae (Mantodea) contains an ecologically diverse group of praying mantis species that have in common greatly elongated bodies. In this study, we sequenced and compared the complete mitochondrial genomes of two Toxoderidae species,  Paratoxodera polyacantha  and  Toxodera hauseri , and compared their mitochondrial genome characteristics with another member of the Toxoderidae,  Stenotoxodera porioni  ( KY689118 ) .  The lengths of the mitogenomes of  T. hauseri  and  P. polyacantha  were 15,616 bp and 15,999 bp, respectively, which is similar to that of  S. porioni  (15,846 bp). The size of each gene as well as the A+T-rich region and the A+T content of the whole genome were also very similar among the three species as were the protein-coding genes, the A+T content and the codon usages. The mitogenome of  T. hauseri  had the typical 22 tRNAs, whereas that of  P. polyacantha  had 26 tRNAs including an extra two copies of  trnA - trnR . Intergenic regions of 67 bp and 76 bp were found in  T. hauseri  and  P. polyacantha , respectively, between  COX2  and  trnK ; these can be explained as residues of a tandem duplication/random loss of  trnK  and  trnD.  This non-coding region may be synapomorphic for Toxoderidae. In BI and ML analyses, the monophyly of Toxoderidae was supported and  P. polyacantha  was the sister clade to  T. hauseri  and  S. porioni .

Gene characteristics of the complete mitochondrial genomes of Paratoxodera polyacantha and Toxodera hauseri (Mantodea: Toxoderidae)