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Marine sponges are the oldest Metazoa, very often presenting a complex microbial consortium. Such is the case of the marine sponge  Arenosclera brasiliensis , endemic to Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. In this investigation we characterized the diversity of some of the culturable heterotrophic bacteria living in association with  A. brasiliensis  and determined their antimicrobial activity. The genera  Endozoicomonas  ( N  = 32),  Bacillus  ( N  = 26),  Shewanella  ( N  = 17),  Pseudovibrio  ( N  = 12), and  Ruegeria  ( N  = 8) were dominant among the recovered isolates, corresponding to 97% of all isolates. Approximately one third of the isolates living in association with  A. brasiliensis  produced antibiotics that inhibited the growth of  Bacillus subtilis , suggesting that bacteria associated with this sponge play a role in its health.

Diversity and antimicrobial potential of culturable heterotrophic bacteria associated with the endemic marine spongeArenosclera brasiliensis